A Warning
from Mercury
Rama has awakened. Far from the explorers, the Rama Committee must decide whether an unknown visitor represents a discovery, a danger, or both.

Engineering clue: why might the sea have unequal cliffs?
Rama has awakened. Far from the explorers, the Rama Committee must decide whether an unknown visitor represents a discovery, a danger, or both.

Engineering clue: why might the sea have unequal cliffs?

Summarize the committee’s debate and identify the Mercury ambassador’s concern.
Separate observation, inference, prediction, and recommendation.
Use evidence from the cliffs to explain how acceleration might affect the sea.

After Rama’s storm, the committee meets again. The representative from Mercury (a Hermian) worries that Rama could be dangerous and urges more exploration before it is too late.
Dr. Perera considers whether Rama could change speed or direction using an unfamiliar propulsion system. The unequal cliffs around the Cylindrical Sea may protect the water during acceleration.
1. What does the committee know?
2. What does Mercury fear?
3. What does the sea’s design suggest?

The sea is contained by cliffs of different heights. Perera suggests this asymmetry might make sense if Rama accelerates along its axis.
The drawing is a simplified teaching model, not a scale diagram.

Rama’s systems are active after the storm.
Mercury raises a security warning.
The committee considers reentry.
Perera proposes a propulsion hypothesis.
The cliffs become engineering evidence.
The committee favors further investigation, while intent remains unknown.
Oral retell: use initially, however, therefore, and although.

“The cliffs on opposite sides of the Cylindrical Sea have different heights.”
“The unequal cliffs may help prevent water from overflowing if Rama accelerates.”

Choose each event from earliest to latest.
/æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/ · am-BASS-uh-der
A representative of a government. 中文:大使 (dàshǐ)
The ambassador warns the committee.
/prəˈpʌl.ʃən/ · pruh-PUL-shun
The act or system of driving something forward. 中文:推进 (tuījìn)
Perera proposes a new form of propulsion.
/ˈɔːr.bɪt/ · OR-bit
The curved path around another body. 中文:轨道 (guǐdào)
Mercury could be vulnerable if Rama changes orbit.
/əkˌsel.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ · ak-sel-uh-RAY-shun
A change in velocity over time. 中文:加速度 (jiāsùdù)
Acceleration might push water toward a cliff.
/eɪˈsɪm.ə.tri/ · ay-SIM-uh-tree
Lack of equal balance on two sides. 中文:不对称 (bù duìchèn)
The asymmetry is an important clue.
/ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/ · SKEP-ti-si-zum
Questioning whether a claim is true. 中文:怀疑态度 (huáiyí tàidù)
Scientists respond with skepticism.
/dɔːɡˈmæt.ɪ.kəl.i/ · dog-MAT-i-kuh-lee
In a rigid, overly certain way, without seriously considering other views.
中文:武断地 (wǔduàn de)
Perera had previously spoken dogmatically about his predictions.
/ˈhɝː.ɪ.keɪn/ · HUR-i-kayn
A powerful tropical storm with extremely strong rotating winds.
中文:飓风 (jùfēng)
The committee discusses the predicted Raman hurricane.
/hɪz ˈek.səl.ən.siːz/ · hiz EK-suh-luhn-seez
Possessive form of an honorific title for a high-ranking official; here, the Chairman’s.
中文:阁下的 (géxià de)
His Excellency’s surprise means the Chairman was surprised.
/ˈkɑː.liːɡz/ · KAH-leegz
People who work together in the same profession or organization.
中文:同事;同行 (tóngshì; tóngháng)
Perera accepts congratulations from his colleagues.
/səbˈduːd/ · suh-DOOD
Quieter, less forceful, or less confident than usual.
中文:沉静的;低调的 (chénjìng de; dīdiào de)
Perera is unusually subdued after the storm.
/ˈmɔːr.tə.faɪd/ · MOR-tuh-fyd
Very embarrassed or ashamed, especially about a mistake.
中文:十分难堪的 (shífēn nánkān de)
He is mortified that he overlooked the ice breakup.
/ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/ · im-PER-uh-tiv
Extremely important or urgently necessary.
中文:极其重要的;必要的 (jíqí zhòngyào de; bìyào de)
The Mercury ambassador says a return is imperative.
/ˈder.ə.lɪkt/ · DER-uh-likt
Abandoned or no longer functioning, especially a ship or structure.
中文:被遗弃的;废弃的 (bèi yíqì de; fèiqì de)
The ambassador argues Rama may not be a derelict.
/məˈlev.ə.lənt/ · muh-LEV-uh-luhnt
Having or showing a desire to cause harm.
中文:恶意的 (èyì de)
Taylor questions whether advanced beings would be malevolent.
/ˌzen.əˈfoʊ.bi.ə/ · zen-uh-FOH-bee-uh
Fear of or hostility toward outsiders or unfamiliar groups.
中文:排外心理;仇外 (páiwài xīnlǐ; chóuwài)
Taylor calls the suspicion interstellar xenophobia.
/ˌper.ɪˈhiː.li.ən/ · per-i-HEE-lee-un
The point in an orbit closest to the Sun.
中文:近日点 (jìn rì diǎn)
The ambassador imagines Rama braking at perihelion.
/məˈnuː.vɚ/ · muh-NOO-ver
A controlled movement or change of direction; US spelling: maneuver.
中文:机动动作;变轨操作 (jīdòng dòngzuò; biànguǐ cāozuò)
A braking manoeuvre might change Rama’s orbit.
dog-MAT-i-cal-ly · HUR-ri-cane · COL-leagues
EX-cel-len-cy · MOR-ti-fied · im-PER-a-tive
ze-no-PHO-bi-a · peri-HE-li-on · ma-NOO-vre
1. Why was Perera mortified rather than triumphant?
2. Why might the ambassador call further investigation imperative?
3. Is the fear of a malevolent Rama supported by evidence?
Answer orally or in a notebook. Use an example from Chapter 19.
am-BASS-a-dor · pro-PUL-sion
ac-cel-er-A-tion · a-SYM-me-try
SKEP-ti-cism · OR-bit
“Although the ambassador anticipates danger, Perera proposes an engineering explanation.”
Read slowly, mark stressed syllables, then repeat with natural rhythm.
“His Excellency’s colleagues discuss the hurricane, but Perera no longer speaks dogmatically.”

Although Mercury fears an attack, the committee has no proof of hostile intent.
Because the cliffs are unequal, Perera considers a possible acceleration function.
The risk remains uncertain; therefore, further investigation is reasonable.
Write two sentences: one using although, one using therefore.

Mercury has a legitimate reason to prepare for danger.
Investigate Rama before assuming it is hostile.
Prepare defensive measures without treating an unknown visitor as an enemy.
A new satellite appears to change its trajectory unexpectedly. Engineers suggest a harmless explanation; security officials worry about a threat.
What observations would you request before taking action? How could leaders prepare without exaggerating what is known?
Speak for 45 seconds, then write one evidence-based recommendation.
1. What most concerns the Hermian ambassador?
2. What does Perera hypothesize?
3. Why might the cliffs be unequal?
4. Perera’s idea about Rama’s drive is best described as:
5. Which is the most evidence-conscious response?

In 5–7 sentences, explain: (1) what changed after the storm, (2) Mercury’s concern, (3) Perera’s scientific hypothesis, (4) what the cliffs suggest, (5) what is still uncertain, and (6) your recommended action.